The Legal Dogmatic Interpretation and Legislative Prospects Concerning the Personality Interests Protection of Heroes or Martyrs

The General Provisions of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the “General Provisions of the Civil Law”) is the general part of the Chinese Civil Code, whose Article 185 stipulates how to protect the name, likeness, reputation and honor of heroes or martyrs from the perspective of civil liabilities. Articles 25 and 26 of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Heroes or Martyrs (hereinafter referred to as the “Heroes or Martyrs Protection Law”) which shows the basic structure and main rules of the Chinese protection of the personality interests of heroes or martyrs, make more detailed provisions to refine and supplement the General Provisions. The legal dogmatic methodology is applied in this paper to analyze and interpret the “heroes or martyrs”, “harming public interests “,”name, likeness, reputation, honor”, and civil litigation procedures and public interests litigation procedures in the Chinese laws which stipulate the protection concerning personality interests of heroes or martyrs, on the basis of analyzing the relevant subjects of interests protection concerning the heroes or martyrs, the composition of the tort liability and the  nature of protected interests , the scope of the protected interests and implied relief procedures . And it is pointed out in this paper that the differences in the scope of personality interests protected by Article 185 of the General Provisions of the Civil Law and Article 25 of Heroes or Martyrs Protection Law will lead to inconsistencies in the application of the laws; Article 185 does not link the personality interests protection of heroes or martyrs with that of the deceased, which does not correspond the  general protection with special protection, causing logical misplacement in legislation; simple enumerated legislation limits the protected personality interests of heroes or martyrs, which, to some extent , inevitably affects and weakens the achievement of legislative purposes under Article 185 of the General Provisions of the Civil Law and the Heroes or Martyrs Protection Law. Therefore, the legislative outlook is made, and specific following suggestions for improvement are put forward : firstly, in the aspect of rules making, the rules about protecting the personality interests of the deceased, heroes or martyrs should be added to the relevant laws to achieve the correspondence and coordination of abstract personality and specific personality, general protection and special protection; secondly, in the aspect of the legislative structure and system design, three parts of the Civil Code, which are the General Rules of the Civil Code, Personality Rights of the Civil Code and Tort Liabilities of the Civil Code, should include and coordinate the rules concerning the protected personality interests of the deceased and the protected personality interests of heroes or martyrs; thirdly, in the aspect of coordinating the civil procedures and public interests procedures, the relevant rules under Heroes or Martyrs Protection Law and Civil Procedural Law should be modified and perfected in order to coordinate and match the substantive and procedural laws on the personal interests protection of heroes or martyrs so that legislative purposes of protecting the personality interests of heroes or martyrs are achieved, the spirits of the martyrs are valued and spread, the core values of socialism are fulfilled.

General Provisions of the Civil Law, hero or martyr, personality interest of the deceased, public interest

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