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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">chiruslaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Юридическая наука в Китае и России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Legal Science in China and Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2587-9723</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный юридический университет имени О.Е. Кутафина (МГЮА)»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17803/2587-9723.2023.6.135-144</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">chiruslaw-209</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О праве малых островных государств на получение компенсации за потери и ущерб, связанные с последствиями изменения климата</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the liability of small island States to compensate for loss and damage associated with climate change impacts</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чжан</surname><given-names>Цзяюй</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhang</surname><given-names>Jiayu</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Магистрант кафедры международного права юридического факультета.</p><p>Кайфэн, Хэнань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Master student of International Law of Henan University Law School, head of 2021.</p><p>Kaifeng, Henan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">3044874951@qq.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ван</surname><given-names>Юньпэн</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Yunpeng</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доцент кафедры международного права юридического факультета.</p><p>Кайфэн, Хэнань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate professor, Department of International Law, master tutor of Law School.</p><p>Kaifeng, Henan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">3044874951@qq.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Хэнаньский университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Henan University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>135</fpage><lpage>144</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чжан Ц., Ван Ю., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чжан Ц., Ван Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhang J., Wang Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://chiruslaw.msal.ru/jour/article/view/209">https://chiruslaw.msal.ru/jour/article/view/209</self-uri><abstract><p>Малые островные государства могут подвергнуться серьезной угрозе при изменении климата из-за повышения уровня моря при таянии ледников.</p><p>В настоящее время международное сообщество достигло определенного консенсуса в оценке потерь и ущерба в результате изменения климата, но концепция и характер таких потерь и ущерба четко не определены.</p><p>Ученые придерживаются разных взглядов на определение ответственности за ущерб, причиненный в результате изменения климата. Анализ составляющих ущерба, причиненного в результате изменения климата, показывает, что его не следует путать с «трансграничным ущербом», а ответственность субъектов за результаты ущерба не должны быть карательной ответственностью. Скорее, следует установить «особую ответственность», отличную от традиционной ответственности и ответственности государства.</p><p>На практике трудности определения ответственности за ущерб, причиненный изменением климата, связаны с тем, что ряд договоров об изменении климата, в частности Рамочная</p><p>конвенция Организации Объединенных Наций об изменении климата, не содержат четкую правовую основу для установления компенсации, определения предмета ответственности, механизм деятельности климатического фонда. Международному сообществу следует уточнить правовую основу потерь и ущерба, вызванных изменением климата, используя при этом другие нормы международного права, обычного международного права и Конвенции по климату, дополняющих друг друга.</p><p>Кроме того, в этой сфере следует уточнить определение ответственных сторон, усилить обязательные механизмы реализации ответственности, расширить источники финансирования, в том числе для малых островных государств. Основные вкладчики и сумма взносов должны быть уточнены, а международное сотрудничество в области компенсации убытков и ущерба, причиненных изменением климата в малых островных государствах, должно осуществляться более согласованно.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Small island States are one of the main victims of climate change and, owing to their low sea level, are greatly threatened by sea-level rise and glacier melting as a result of climate change. At present, although the international community has reached a certain consensus on loss and damage due to climate change, the concept and nature of loss and damage due to climate change have not been clearly defined. Academics have different views on the determination of liability for damage caused by loss due to climate change.</p><p>The characteristics of damage caused by loss due to climate change and the proof of liability show that it should not be simply confused with «transboundary damage», and the responsibility and liability of the actors for the results of the damage should not be punitive liability, but should be defined as a liability that is different from traditional State responsibility and liability. Rather, it should be defined as a «special liability» distinct from traditional State responsibility and liability.</p><p>The practical dilemma in realizing liability for damages for losses caused by climate change lies in the fact that a series of climate change treaties, such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, have not clarified the legal basis for compensation, the difficulty in identifying the subject of liability, the lack of a mandatory mechanism, and the insufficiency of the climate fund mechanism. The international community should clarify the legal basis for climate change-induced losses and damages, while utilizing other rules of international law, customary international law and the Climate Convention to complement each other.</p><p>In addition, the identification of the responsible parties should be clarified, mandatory mechanisms for the realization of liability should be increased, the sources of climate funds should be broadened, the distribution of climate funds in small island States should be improved, the main contributors and the amount of contributions should be clarified, and international cooperation in compensating for the losses and damages caused by climate change in small island States should be carried out in a concerted manner.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>малые островные государства</kwd><kwd>изменение климата</kwd><kwd>потери и ущерб</kwd><kwd>механизмы компенсации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>small island states</kwd><kwd>climate change</kwd><kwd>loss and damage</kwd><kwd>compensation mechanisms</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lin Canling. 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